Mesothelioma (malignant)

Causes and Risks:
Malignant mesothelioma is a diffuse tumor that affects men more frequently than women. Exposure to asbestos is a risk factor, with about 7% of asbestos workers affected. The latent period between exposure to asbestos and onset of symptoms can be 20 to 40 years. The median age of onset of symptoms is 70. The tumor spreads rapidly to involve the pericardium (sac around the heart), mediastinum, and opposite pleura. Progressive pain and shortness of breath occurs. The tumor is usually associated with a pleural effusion . Differentiation of the tumor from other conditions of the pleura can be difficult even with tissue from an open lung biopsy . The incidence is 5 out of 100,000 people.

Prevention:
Avoid exposure to asbestos
Early screening by chest X-ray of people who are expose to asbestos

Symptoms:



Signs and Tests:



Treatment:
Treatment attempts are made but are usually unsuccessful in curing the disease. Surgery, radiation therapy , and chemotherapy may be tried. Supportive treatment such as pain relief and oxygen may help to relieve the symptoms.

The stress of illness can often be helped by joining a support group where members share common experiences and problems. See cancer - support group and lung disease - support group .

Prognosis:
The median survival time is 8 to 14 months, with about 75% of the patients dying within a year of diagnosis.

Complications:

  • rapid spread of tumor to other organs



Call Your Healthcare Provider:
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if symptoms are suggestive of malignant mesothelioma.