Jaundice-associated conditions

• drug induced cholestasis ( bile pools in the gallbladder because of the effects of drugs)
• drug induced hepatitis (hepatitis triggered by medications)
• pancreatic carcinoma ( cancer of the pancreas )
• primary biliary cirrhosis
• biliary atresia
• ischemic hepatocellular jaundice (jaundice caused by inadequate oxygen and/or inadequate blood flow to the liver)
• Gilbert's syndrome
• Dubin-Johnson syndrome
• intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (bile pools in the gallbladder because of the pressure in the abdomen with pregnancy)
• biliary stricture
• newborn jaundice
• hemolytic anemia
• congenital disorders of bilirubin metabolism
• viral hepatitis ( hepatitis A , hepatitis B , hepatitis C , hepatitis D , and hepatitis E)
• chronic active hepatitis
• autoimmune hepatitis
• obstruction of the bile ducts (by infection, tumor or gallstones )
• malaria

For more information, see the symptom document about jaundice , also see the individual diseases.

Prevention:
Prevention depends on the specific disorder.

Symptoms:

• yellow skin
• yellow sclera (the white part of the eyes)

Other symptoms may also be present depending on the specific disorder.

Signs and Tests:
Physical examination will show jaundice . Other signs may also be present, such as liver enlargement ( hepatomegaly ) with some of the disorders.

Tests will vary but will probably include liver function tests to determine how well the liver is working.

See the specific disorders.

Treatment:
All of the jaundice-associated conditions required medical diagnosis and treatment (in some cases, the only treatment may be observation but ALWAYS consult with your health care provider first).

Prognosis:
The outcome varies.

Complications:
Complications vary, but can include liver failure (life-threatening).

Call Your Healthcare Provider:
JAUNDICE IN AN INFANT, CHILD, OR ADULT SHOULD ALWAYS BE MEDICALLY EVALUATED!


Newborn jaundice (producing yellow skin) can have many causes, but the majority of these infants have a condition called physiological jaundice, a natural occurrence in the newborn due to the immature liver. This type of jaundice is short term, generally lasting only a few days. Jaundice persisting longer than 3 to 4 days, or worsening rapidly, should be evaluated by a physician until decreasing or normal levels of bilirubin are measured in the blood.