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 Cocaine withdrawalCauses and Risks:Cocaine exerts its euphoric effect by maintaining high levels of neurotransmitters which bind to specific receptors in the brain that are responsible for the feelings of reward and satisfaction. Studies suggest that the brain's response to continued elevated levels of neurotransmitters is to reduce the numbers of receptors to that transmitter, a process that may not be reversible. Subsequently, withdrawal from cocaine can result in profound depression which may last for years. Related topics: drug abuse , drug abuse and dependence , drug abuse first aid , stroke secondary to cocaine . Prevention: Avoid cocaine use. Symptoms: In addition to depression , individuals may suffer from guilt feelings, somatic complaints, insomnia and loss of appetite (anorexia). Individuals attempting to stop cocaine may fail to achieve enjoyment in activities or behaviors that were previously fun and rewarding. Craving remains a constant problem and may persist for years following the last dose of cocaine. Signs and Tests: Physical examination and history of stopping cocaine use are sufficient to diagnose this condition. Treatment: Symptoms are treated as appropriate. Time will reduce some symptoms. Sometimes medications such as methadone are used to reduce withdrawal symptoms. Prognosis: Failure rate at remaining abstinent from cocaine is estimated to approach 80%. Presently there are no effective medications for reducing craving. Complications:
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