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Peritonsillar abscess Causes and Risks:
Peritonsillar abscess is a form of cellulitis that is a complication of tonsillitis . Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus is usually the cause of peritonsillar abscesses . One or both tonsil(s) becomes infected and pus forms and may spread from the tonsil to the tissues around it. The infection may spread over the roof of the mouth (palate), and to the neck and chest, including the lungs. Swollen tissues may obstruct the airway, which would be a life-threatening medical emergency.
Peritonsillar abscess is generally a disease of older children, adolescents, and young adults. It has become relatively uncommon since the use of antibiotics to treat tonsillitis.
Prevention:
Prompt and complete treatment of tonsillitis , especially bacterial tonsillitis, may help prevent formation of abscess .
Symptoms:
Signs and Tests:
An examination of the throat and neck may reveal redness and swelling of the tonsil(s), palate, throat, neck, and skin of the chest.
- Aspiration of the abscess usually shows fluid containing pus.
- Culture of the fluid may show bacteria.
Treatment:
Treatment is aimed at curing the infection and relief of symptoms. Antibiotics may be given if the infection is bacterial. Surgical drainage of the abscess by aspiration or incision will be performed. Analgesics may be used, if needed, for pain. Surgery to remove the tonsils ( tonsillectomy ) may be considered.
Prognosis:
Peritonsillar abscess usually responds to treatment, although it may recur.
Complications:
Call Your Healthcare Provider:
Call your health care provider if you have had tonsillitis and symptoms of peritonsillar abscess develop.
Call your health care provider if symptoms of complications develop, including worsening of symptoms, persistent fever , cough , difficulty breathing , or pain in the chest .
A cross-section illustration of the mouth, nasal cavity, and throat. The nasal passages are also visible.
Tonsillectomy is a frequently performed surgery in which the tonsils (and occasionally adenoids) are removed. This is usually done if there are verified repeat episodes of streptococcal infection, obstruction of the airway or excessive snoring, sleep apnea (breathing stops when sleeping), or other more rare conditions. The number of tonsillectomies has decreased during the last 10 years as the indications have been better defined.
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