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Anal fissure Causes and Risks:
Anal fissures are common in young infants, and studies suggest 80% of infants will have had an anal fissure by age 1. The incidence decreases rapidly with age, and fissures are uncommon by school age. It is thought that fissures may occur from excessive wiping, constipation with large hard stools, irritation from stool in the diaper, and from scratching caused by conditions such as pinworms.
Prevention:
- frequent diaper changes
- wiping with soft materials or a moistened cloth or cotton ball
- correction of any constipation problems
- treatment of other contributing conditions such as pinworms or eczema
Symptoms:
- pain while having a bowel movement
- blood on the surface of stool (not mixed in with stool)
- blood on toilet tissue or wipes
- a visible fissure when the anus is stretched slightly, the fissure is often in the midline
- constipation often secondary to painful bowel movements
Signs and Tests:
Treatment:
- stool softeners for constipation
- more gentle cleansing
- petroleum jelly
- sitz bath
- anesthetic ointment if pain interferes with normal bowel movement
- dietary adjustment (addition of bulk -- substances that absorb water while in the intestinal tract)
Prognosis:
Quick healing is the usual outcome.
Complications:
Occasionally, a fissure becomes chronic and will not heal. These resistant fissures require a minor surgical procedure.
Call Your Healthcare Provider:
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