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Semen analysis How the Test is Performed:
Obtain a semen sample. Semen is the thick, white, sperm-containing fluid excreted during ejaculation. The method should be discussed with the health care provider. The sample may be obtained by masturbation into a sterile container. It may also be achieved by intercourse using a special condom supplied by the health care provider. The sample must be analyzed within 2 hours of the collection.
How to Prepare:
There should be no sexual activity that causes an ejaculation for 5 to 7 days before the test.
Children: Adolescent:
How it Feels:
If the man is uncomfortable about how the sample is to be taken, this should be discussed with the health care provider.
Risks:
There are no risks.
Why this Test is Performed:
The test is helpful in determining if there is a problem in sperm production as a cause of infertility . The test may also be used after a vasectomy to make sure there are no sperm in the semen.
Normal Values:
The semen is analyzed for the volume; number and structure of the sperm; sperm movement; and the fluid thickness, acidity, and sugar content.
The normal volume varies from 1.5 to 5.0 milliliter per ejaculation. The sperm count varies from 20 to 150 million sperm per milliliter. At least 60% of the sperm should have a normal shape and show normal forward movement (motility).
Abnormal Results:
If the sperm count is very low or very high there is a likelihood of being less fertile. The percent of normal sperm has an affect on infertility . The acidity of the semen and the presence of white blood cells (suggesting infection) may influence fertility. Many drugs, such as alcohol, tobacco, marijuana , Tagamet, male and female hormones, and many cancer drugs also affect fertility.
Additional conditions under which the test may be performed:
Cost:
The estimated cost is $25 to $35.
Special Considerations:
Approximately one-third of the couples who have been unable to have children have a male infertility problem. One of the first tests done to evaluate the fertility of men is the semen analysis.
There are many unknowns in male infertility. The results from the tests often fail to explain the cause. If a low-sperm count or abnormal semen is found, further testing may be useful.
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