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CSF total protein

How the Test is Performed:
A sample of CSF is obtained, usually by lumbar puncture ( spinal tap ).

The cerebrospinal fluid is then analyzed in the lab.

How to Prepare:
You must sign a consent form. You must be prepared to remain in the hospital for at least the 6 to 8 hours that you must remain flat.

Infants and children:
The physical and psychological preparation you can provide for this or any test or procedure depends on your child's age, interests, previous experience, and level of trust. For specific information regarding how you can prepare your child, see the following topics as they correspond to your child's age:

infant test or procedure preparation (birth to 1 year)
toddler test or procedure preparation (1 to 3 years)
preschooler test or procedure preparation (3 to 6 years)
schoolage test or procedure preparation (6 to 12 years)
adolescent test or procedure preparation (12 to 18 years)

How it Feels:
The position may be uncomfortable, but it is imperative that you remain in the curled position to avoid moving the needle and possibly injuring the spinal cord.

The scrub will feel cold and wet. The anesthetic will sting or burn when first injected. There will be a hard pressure sensation when the needle is inserted, and there is usually some brief pain when the needle goes through the meninges. This pain should stop in a few seconds. Overall, discomfort is minimal to moderate. The entire procedure usually takes about 30 minutes but may take longer. The actual pressure measurements and fluid collection only takes a few minutes.

Risks:

Risks of lumbar puncture include:
- hypersensitivity (allergic) reaction to the anesthetic
- discomfort during the test
- headache after the test
- bleeding into the spinal canal
brain herniation (if performed on a person with increased intracranial pressure ), and resulting in brain damage and/or death
damage to the spinal cord (particularly if the person moves during the test)

Why this Test is Performed:
The CSF total protein count may be helpful in diagnosing tumors, hemorrhage, diabetes mellitus , polyneuritis (inflammation of several groups of nerve cells), blood in the CSF, and trauma.

Normal Values:
The normal protein range is 15 to 45 mg/dl.

Note: mg/dl = milligrams per deciliter

Abnormal Results:
When the protein level increases considerably, it may indicate tumors, hemorrhage, diabetes mellitus , polyneuritis, trauma, or blood in the CSF.

When the protein level decreases, it can indicate rapid CSF production.

Additional conditions under which the test may be performed:

Cost:
The estimated cost is $15 to $20 for the lab tests. (There is an additional cost for the lumbar puncture procedure.)

Special Considerations:
Not applicable.