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Platelet count How the Test is Performed:
Adult or child:
Blood is drawn from a vein ( venipuncture ), usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The puncture site is cleaned with antiseptic, and a tourniquet (an elastic band) or blood pressure cuff is placed around the upper arm to apply pressure and restrict blood flow through the vein. This causes veins below the tourniquet to distend (fill with blood). A needle is inserted into the vein, and the blood is collected in an air-tight vial or a syringe. During the procedure, the tourniquet is removed to restore circulation. Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding .
Infant or young child:
The area is cleansed with antiseptic and punctured with a sharp needle or a lancet. The blood may be collected in a pipette (small glass tube), on a slide, onto a test strip, or into a small container. Cotton or a bandage may be applied to the puncture site if there is any continued bleeding.
How to Prepare:
Adults:
No special preparation is necessary.
Infants and children:
The physical and psychological preparation you can provide for this or any test or procedure depends on your child's age, interests, previous experience, and level of trust. For specific information regarding how you can prepare your child, see the following topics as they correspond to your child's age:
How it Feels:
When the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing .
Risks:
- excessive bleeding
- fainting or feeling lightheaded
- hematoma (blood accumulating under the skin)
- infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)
- multiple punctures to locate veins
Normal Values:
150,000 to 400,000/mm3
Note: mm3 = millimeters cubed
Abnormal Results:
A diminished number of platelets (below the lower limit of normal) is called thrombocytopenia and an elevated number (above the upper limit of normal) is called thrombocytosis.
A decreased numbers of platelets may be associated with: Increased numbers of platelets may be associated with: Additional conditions under which the test may be performed:
Cost:
The estimated cost is $15. Platelet count is usually obtained as part of a CBC .
Special Considerations:
Platelets may be decreased slightly from normal menstruation.
Drugs that can increase platelet counts include oral contraceptives.
Drugs that can decrease platelet counts include acetaminophen - oral, aspirin, chemotherapeutic agents, chloramphenicol, colchicine, H2 blocking agents, hydralazine, indomethacin, isoniazid, quinidine, streptomycin, sulfonamide, thiazide diuretic, and tolbutamide.
Veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. Obtaining a blood sample from some people may be more difficult than from others.
Stored platelets after blood donation. Platelets are a very important component of blood. These tiny particles plug small holes in capillaries and vessels caused by the damage of everyday living. Platelets can be separated from blood and given to individuals who have low platelet counts and are at risk for serious bleeding.
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