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Renal venogram How the Test is Performed:
This test is done in the hospital. You will be asked to lie on the X-ray table. The area over the vein to be used is cleansed, and a local anesthetic is given. The vein is punctured, and a needle is inserted into the vein. A catheter (a long, narrow, flexible tube) is inserted through the needle and into the vein. It is then threaded through the main veins until it is placed in the renal (kidney) vein. This procedure is monitored by a fluoroscope (a special X-ray that projects the images on a TV monitor). The contrast medium is then injected into the vein, and the X-rays are taken. The catheter is then withdrawn and the puncture site is bandaged.
How to Prepare:
Inform the health care provider if you are pregnant and if you have ever had any bleeding problems. Report any allergic reactions to X-ray contrast material or any iodine substance and any other allergic reactions. You must sign a consent form. Food and fluid may be restricted for 4 hours before the test. You will be given a gown to wear. Remove all jewelry. You may be given a sedative or pain pill before the procedure.
Infants and children:
The physical and psychological preparation you can provide for this or any test or procedure depends on your child's age, interests, previous experience, and level of trust. For specific information regarding how you can prepare your child, see the following topics as they correspond to your child's age:
How it Feels:
The X-ray table is hard and cold; you may ask for a blanket or pillow. There is a sting when the anesthetic is given. You may feel some pressure and discomfort as the catheter is gently positioned. As the dye is injected, there is a burning sensation. There is a tenderness and bruising at the site of the injection after the test.
Risks:
A reaction to the contrast medium could occur. There is low radiation exposure; however, most experts feel that the risk of most X-rays is smaller than other risks we take every day. Pregnant women and children are more sensitive to the risks of the X-ray .
Why this Test is Performed:
The test will detect a thrombosis (a blood clot that partially or completely blocks the vessel), tumor , and venous abnormalities.
Normal Values:
The X-ray shows normal structures for the age of the patient.
Abnormal Results:
The renal venography may indicate a blood clot that partially or completely blocks the vessel, a kidney tumor , or an abnormality in the veins. See renal vein thrombosis .
Cost:
The estimated cost is $550 to $700.
Special Considerations:
Not applicable.
The kidneys are responsible for removing wastes from the body, regulating electrolyte balance and blood pressure, and the stimulation of red blood cell production. The gross anatomical structure of the kidney is illustrated.
This is the typical appearance of the blood vessels (vasculature) and urine flow pattern in the kidney. The blood vessels are shown in red and the urine flow pattern in yellow.
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